Lab Values

                Lab value

                                         (Ref. Harrison 18^th ed.)

            

1.   Hematology and Coagulation

	Analyte	Specimen	SI Units	Conventional Units              Round-off
Differential blood count		Relative counts:
·         Neutrophils			0.40–0.70	40–70%
·         Bands			0.0–0.05	0–5%
·         Lymphocytes			0.20–0.50	20–50%
·         Monocytes			0.04–0.08	4–8%
·         Eosinophils			0.0–0.6	0–6%
·         Basophils			0.0–0.02	0–2%
Absolute counts:
·         Neutrophils			1.42–6.34x109/L	1420–6340/mm3
·         Bands			0–0.45x109/L	0–450/mm3
·         Lymphocytes			0.71–4.53x109/L	710–4530/mm3
·         Monocytes			0.14–0.72x109/L	140–720/mm3
·         Eosinophils			0–0.54x109/L	0–540/mm3
·         Basophils WB			0–0.18x109/L	0–180/mm3
Erythrocyte count		WB
·         Adult males			4.30–5.60x1012/L	4.30–5.60x106/mm3
·         Adult females			4.00–5.20x1012/L	4.00–5.20x106/mm3
Erythrocyte life span		WB
·         Normal survival			120 days	120 days
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate		WB
·         Females			0–20 mm/h	0–20 mm/h
·         Males			0–15 mm/h	0–15 mm/h
Hematocrit		WB
·         Adult males			0.388–0.464	38.8–46.4
·         Adult females			0.354–0.444	35.4–44.4
Hemoglobin
·         Plasma		P	6–50 mg/L	0.6–5.0 mg/dL
·         Whole blood:		WB
·         Adult males			133–162 g/L	13.3–16.2 g/dL
·         Adult females			120–158 g/L	12.0–15.8 g/dL
Leukocytes
·         Alkaline phosphatase (LAP)		WB	0.2–1.6 kat/L	13–100 /L
·         Count (WBC)          Erythrocytes		WB	3.54–9.06x109/L	3.54–9.06x103/mm3
·         Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)		WB	26.7–31.9 pg/cell	27–32  pg/cell
·         Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)		WB	323–359 g/L	32–36 g/dL
·         Mean corpuscular hemoglobin of reticulocytes (CH)		WB	24–36 pg	24–36 pg
·         Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)		WB	79–93.3 fL	79–93 m3
·         Mean platelet volume (MPV)		WB	9.00–12.95 fL	9.00–12.95
Partial thromboplastin time, activated(aPTT)		P	26.3–39.4 s	26.3–39.4 s
Platelet count		WB	165–415x109/L	150–400x10 ^3/mm3
Prothrombin time(PT)		P	12.7–15.4 s	12.7–15.4 s
Red cell distribution width		WB	<0.145	<14.5%
Reticulocyte count		WB
·         Adult males			0.008–0.023 red cells	0.8–2.3% red cells
·         Adult females			0.008–0.020 red cells	0.8–2.0% red cells
Thrombin time		P	15.3–18.5 s	15.3–18.5 s

*(Abbreviations: P, plasma; RC, red cells; S, serum; WB, whole blood)

Table 2 Clinical Chemistry and Immunology

Analyte	Specimen*	SI Units	Conventional Units
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT)	S	0.12–0.70 kat/L	7–41 U/L
Albumin	S	40–50 g/L	4.0–5.0 mg/dL
Anion gap	S	7–16 mmol/L	7–16 mmol/L
Arterial blood gases ·         [HCO3–] ·         PCO2 ·         pH ·         PO2	WB	22–30 mmol/L 4.3–6.0 kPa 7.35–7.45 9.6–13.8 kPa	22–30 meq/L 32–45 mmHg 7.35–7.45 72–104 mmHg
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, SGOT)	S	0.20–0.65 kat/L	12–38 U/L
Bilirubin ·         Total ·         Direct ·         Indirect	S	5.1–22 mol/L 1.7–6.8 mol/L 3.4–15.2 mol/L	0.3–1.3 mg/dL 0.1–0.4 mg/dL 0.2–0.9 mg/dL
Calcium	S	2.2–2.6 mmol/L	8.7–10.2 mg/dL
Calcium, ionized	WB	1.12–1.32 mmol/L	4.5–5.3 mg/dL
C-reactive protein	S	<10 mg/L	<10 mg/L
Creatinine ·         Female ·         Male	S	44–80 mol/L 53>106mol/L	0.5–0.9 mg/dL 0.6–1.2 mg/dL
Erythropoietin	S	4–27 U/L	4–27 U/L
Fatty acids, free (nonesterified)	P	0.1–0.6 mmol/L	2.8–16.8 mg/dL
Ferritin ·         Female ·         Male	S	10–150 g/L 29 248g/L	10–150 ng/mL 29–248 ng/mL
Glucose ·         Glucose (fasting) ·         Normal ·         Increased risk for diabetes ·         Diabetes mellitus	WB P	3.6–5.3 mmol/L 4.2–5.6 mmol/L 5.6–6.9 mmol/L Fasting >7.0 mmol/L A 2-hour level of >11.1 mmol/L during an oral glucose tolerance test A random glucose level of >11.1 mmol/L in patients with symptoms of hyperglycemia	65–95 mg/dL 75–100 mg/dL 100–125 mg/dL Fasting >126 mg/dL A 2-hour level of >200 mg/dL during an oral glucose tolerance test A random glucose level of >200 mg/dL in patients with symptoms of hyperglycemia
Insulin	S, P	14.35–143.5 pmol/L	2–20 U/mL
Iron	S	7–25 mol/L	41–141 g/dL
·         Iron-binding capacity	S	45–73 mol/L	251–406 g/dL
·         Iron-binding capacity saturation	S	0.16–0.35	16–35%
Lactate dehydrogenase	S	2.0–3.8 kat/L	115–221 U/L
Oxygen saturation (sea level) ·         Arterial ·         Venous, arm	WB	Fraction: 0.94–1.0 0.60–0.85	Percent: 94–100% 60–85%
Phosphatase, alkaline	S	0.56–1.63 kat/L	33–96 U/L
Potassium	S	3.5–5.0 mmol/L	3.5–5.0 meq/L
Protein fractions: 1.        Albumin 2.        Globulin 3.        Alpha1 4.        Alpha2 5.        Beta 6.        Gamma	S	35–55 g/L 20–35 g/L 2–4 g/L 5–9 g/L 6–11 g/L 7–17 g/L	3.5–5.5 g/dL (50–60%) 2.0–3.5 g/dL (40–50%) 0.2–0.4 g/dL (4.2–7.2%) 0.5–0.9 g/dL (6.8–12%) 0.6–1.1 g/dL (9.3–15%) 0.7–1.7 g/dL (13–23%)
Protein, total	S	67–86 g/L	6.7–8.6 g/dL
Sodium	S	136–146 mmol/L	136–146 meq/L
Thyroid-stimulating hormone	S	0.34–4.25 mIU/L	0.34–4.25 IU/mL
Thyroxine, free (fT4)	S	9.0–16 pmol/L	0.7–1.24 ng/dL
Thyroxine, total (T4)	S	70–151 nmol/L	5.4–11.7 g/dL
Urea nitrogen	S	2.5–7.1 mmol/L	7–20 mg/dL
Uric acid ·         Females ·         Males	S	0.15–0.33 mmol/L 0.18–0.41 mmol/L	2.5–5.6 mg/dL 3.1–7.0 mg/dL

Table 5 Classification of LDL, Total, and HDL Cholesterol

LDL Cholesterol <70 mg/dL Therapeutic option for very high risk patients <100 mg/dL Optimal 100–129 mg/dL Near optimal/above optimal 130–159 mg/dL Borderline high 160–189 mg/dL High 190 mg/dL Very high Total Cholesterol <200 mg/dL Desirable 200–239 mg/dL Borderline high 240 mg/dL High HDL Cholesterol <40 mg/dL Low 60 mg/dL High

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Reference Range Constituent SI Units Conventional Units Osmolarity 292–297 mmol/kg water 292–297 mOsm/L Electrolytes Sodium 137–145 mmol/L 137–145 meq/L Potassium 2.7–3.9 mmol/L 2.7–3.9 meq/L Chloride 116–122 mmol/L 116–122 meq/L pH 7.31–7.34 Glucose 2.22–3.89 mmol/L 40–70 mg/dL Lactate 1–2 mmol/L 10–20 mg/dL Total protein: Lumbar 0.15–0.5 g/L 15–50 mg/dL Albumin 0.066–0.442 g/L 6.6–44.2 mg/dL CSF pressure 50–180 mmH2O CSF volume (adult) 150 mL Red blood cells 0 0 Leukocytes Total 0–5 mononuclear cells per L Differential Lymphocytes 60–70% Monocytes 30–50% Neutrophils None

Urine Analysis and Renal Function Tests
Ammonia	30–50 mmol/d	30–50 meq/d
Creatinine	8.8–14 mmol/d	1.0–1.6 g/d
Glomerular filtration rate	>60 mL/min/1.73 m2 For African Americans multiply the result by 1.21	>60 mL/min/1.73 m2 For African Americans multiply the result by 1.21
Glucose (glucose oxidase method)	0.3–1.7 mmol/d	50–300 mg/d
Ketone (acetone)	Negative	Negative
Microalbumin –Normal –Microalbuminuria –Clinical albuminuria	0.0–0.03 g/d 0.03–0.30 g/d >0.3 g/d	0–30 mg/d 30–300 mg/d >300 mg/d
Osmolality	500–800 mOsmol/kg water	500–800 mOsmol/kg water
pH	5.0–9.0	5.0–9.0
Phosphate (phosphorus) (varies with intake)	12.9–42.0 mmol/d	400–1300 mg/d
Potassium (varies with intake)	25–100 mmol/d	25–100 meq/d
Protein	<0.15 g/d	<150 mg/d
Sediment –Red blood cells –White blood cells –Bacteria –Crystals –Bladder cells –Squamous cells –Tubular cells –Broad casts –Epithelial cell casts –Granular casts –Hyaline casts –Red blood cell casts –Waxy casts –White cell casts	0–2/high-power field 0–2/high-power field None None None None None None None None 0–5/low-power field None None None
Sodium (varies with intake)	100–260 mmol/d	100–260 meq/d
Urea nitrogen	214–607 mmol/d	6–17 g/d
Uric acid (normal diet)	1.49–4.76 mmol/d	250–800 mg/d